How do I Create and Delete Cron Jobs/?


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In this guide, you will find a technique to delete and create Cron jobs in cPanel and with Crontab. Check the two main ways to create and delete cron jobs:

1. Using cPanel:

cPanel is a web hosting control panel that allows you to manage your account. Most web hosting providers offer cPanel access. Here’s how to create and delete cron jobs using cPanel:

Creating a Cron Job:

  1. Log in to your cPanel account.
  2. In the “Advanced” section, click on the “Cron Jobs” icon.
  3. Under “Cron Email,” ensure a valid email address is entered to receive notifications about cron jobs.
  4. You can either choose a predefined schedule from the “Common Settings” dropdown menu or set a specific schedule using the individual time unit dropdown menus (Minute, Hour, Day, Month, Day of Week).
  5. In the “Command” field, enter the exact command you want to run at the scheduled time. This could be a script path or a specific command-line instruction.
  6. Click “Add New Cron Job” to save the cron job.

Deleting a Cron Job:

  1. Within the “Cron Jobs” section of cPanel, scroll down to “Current Cron Jobs.”
  2. Locate the cron job you want to delete.
  3. Under the “Actions” column, click “Delete.”

2. Using Crontab:

Crontab is a command-line utility for managing cron jobs on Linux/Unix systems. If you have direct access to the server shell, You can use crontab commands to create and delete cron jobs.

Creating a Cron Job:

  1. Open a terminal window.
  2. Use the following command to edit your crontab:

crontab -e

This command will open your crontab file in a text editor. Be cautious while editing the crontab file, as syntax errors can prevent cron jobs from running.

  • In the opened editor, add a new line with the cron expression followed by the command you want to run. The cron expression defines the schedule for the job.

For reference, you can find cron expression examples online https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/db2oc?topic=task-unix-cron-format

  • Save and close the editor.

Deleting a Cron Job:

  1. There are two ways to delete cron jobs using crontab:
  2. Delete all cron jobs:

crontab -r

  • Delete a specific cron job:

This method involves editing the crontab file and removing the specific line corresponding to the desired cron job. However, this might be not easy to identify for beginners. An alternative way is to:

  1. Use crontab -l to list all your cron jobs.
  2. Copy the remaining lines (excluding the one you want to delete) into a new file.
  3. Delete the old crontab using crontab -r
  4. Edit the new file containing the desired cron jobs (remove unnecessary lines).
  5. Use crontab – to install the new crontab containing the filtered jobs.

Remember, using crontab requires some familiarity with the command line and cron expressions. If you’re unsure, it’s recommended to use cPanel for managing cron jobs on your web hosting account.


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How to configure SSH keys using cPanel


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Configuring SSH keys using cPanel involves generating a key pair on the server and adding the public key to your server’s authorized keys file. Here’s a breakdown of the steps:

Generating a Key Pair on cPanel:

  1. Log in to cPanel.
  2. Navigate to the Security section and find the SSH Access tool.
  3. Click on Manage SSH Keys.
  4. Click on Generate a New Key.
  5. You can choose a name for the key pair or leave the default “id_rsa”.
  6. Optionally, set a strong password for the key and click Generate Key.

Adding the Public Key to Authorized Keys:

  1. In the Manage SSH Keys section, you need to scroll down to the Authorized Keys area.
  2. Next, you have to click on Manage next to the key you just generated.
  3. A box with the public key will be displayed. You can copy the entire contents of the box.
  4. Here you’ll need to access your server through another method (like root access or a current SSH connection) and add the copied public key to the authorized_keys file located in the .ssh directory of your home directory.

Downloading the Private Key (for SSH client):

  1. Go back to the Manage SSH Keys section in cPanel.
  2. Find the key you have created under Private Keys.
  3. Click View/Download next to the key.
  4. You’ll see the option to convert the key to PPK format (if using PuTTY). Then, you have to choose the conversion if needed.
  5. Click on Download Key and save the private key securely on your local machine. This private key will be used for SSH login with your client program.

Tips:

  • Make sure to keep your private key confidential and avoid sharing it with anyone.
  • Consult your SSH client’s documentation for specific instructions on using the private key for login.

For a more detailed walkthrough, you can refer to resources like the cPanel documentation or tutorials from web hosting providers.


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Migration from Another Webuzo Instance


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Intro:

This guide will help you to Migrate from another Webuzo instance.

Requirement:

  1. It is compulsory to install on the new server.
  2. Keep the same username of the account as the one you’re migrating from the other Panel. For example; If the username is Jenny on the other panel, it must be Jenny on Webuzo also.

Build Domain Structure

Insert domains to the new server from the Webuzo Enduser Panel with the same details that you’ve used on the old server so as to speed up the migration process.   

Procedure

Move to Webuzo Enduser Panel > Server Utilities > Import from Webuzo

Find below the screenshot of the Import from Webuzo

Steps

  • Mentioned correct details in the form
  • Click on Submit to Import Webuzo details.
  • After submitting, you’ll get a message “Migration process is started. Check the logs for more info”

CLI

You can manually execute the commands below to import data from another Webuzo instance.

Migration from one Webuzo instance to another can be straightforward with these steps:

Backup Your Data:

It’s strictly suggested to take back up of all data on the old Webuzo instance. This backup includes website files, databases, email accounts, and other migration data. You can take the help of built–in backup and restore functionality to develop backups of the websites and databases.

Set Up the New Webuzo Instance:

Install a fresh Webuzo instance on your new server or hosting environment. Just copy the website file.  

Copy website files:

Transfer your website files from the old server to the new one.  To do this you can use FTP details or SCP. Ensure that file permissions and ownership are mentioned properly on the new server to match the old server.

Export and Import Databases:

Export databases from the old Webuzo instance using tools like phpMyAdmin or the command–-line. Import the database dumps into the new Webuzo instance, making sure to update your website’s configuration files to use the new database connection details.  

Update DNS Records:

If your domain is hosted on a different DNS provider then update your DNS records to point to the IP address of your new server. If your domain’s DNS is managed within Webuzo then update the DNS records in Webuzo accordingly.

Test your website:

Once data migration and DNS records are migrated, it’s time to test your website on the new Webuzo instance to ensure that all is well. Monitor broken links, missing files, and database connectivity issues.          

Email Configuration:

If your email accounts are linked with the domain, configure email settings on the new Webuzo instance to match the old setup. Also, make a copy of the email account data and settings.  

SSL Certificates:

If your website consists of an SSL Certificate on your websites, install and configure an SSL Certificate on the new server. You can use Let’s Encrypt or commercial SSL Certificate providers to avail of this.  

Monitor:

After completion of all steps keep a close eye on the new Webuzo instance for the next few days to make sure that everything is fine. The next step is to check the logs and error messages for any issues that have arisen. Keep in mind that the steps and tools you use may vary based on setup and requirements. It is important to plan and test thoroughly to minimize downtime and potential issues during the migration process.  

Move Webuzo Configurations

  • Insert the contents of the /var/webuzo/ directory on the OLD Server to an archive as follows:

root@host > cd /var/webuzo/

root@host > tar -pczvf wuser_conf.tar.gz *

  • Transfer the above archive to the NEW server as follows:

root@host > scp -p wuser_conf.tar.gz root@NEW_IP_ADDRESS:/var/webuzo/

  • Now SSH to your NEW Server as root user and extract the archive as follows:

root@host > tar -zxvf /var/webuzo/wuser_conf.tar.gz -C /var/webuzo  That’s it. You have successfully moved the Webuzo Configurations.

Move User Account

  • Include the contents of the /home/USER/ directory on the OLD Server to an archive as follows:

Note: Replace the USER with your Webuzo USERNAME. Transfer to the home directory of the user account.  

root@host > cd /home/USER/

root@host > tar -pczvf wuser_account_data.tar.gz *

  • Move the above archive to the NEW server as follows:

root@host > scp -p wuser_account_data.tar.gz root@NEW_IP_ADDRESS:/home/USER/

  • Now SSH to your New Server as root user and extract the archive as follows:

root@host > tar -zxvf /home/USER/wuser_account_data.tar.gz -C /home/USER

Move Databases

It is compulsory to install MySQL on the new server.  

  • Include the contents of the/var/lib/mysql/ directory on the OLD Server to an archive as follows:

root@host > cd /var/lib/mysql/ 

root@host > tar -pczvf wuser_mysql_data.tar.gz *

  • Move the above archive to the NEW server as follows:

root@host > scp -p wuser_mysql_data.tar.gz root@NEW_IP_ADDRESS:/var/lib/mysql/

  • Now SSH to your NEW Server as root user and extract the archive as follows:

root@host > cd /var/lib/mysql/ 

root@host > tar -zxvf wuser_mysql_data.tar.gz

Install SSL Certificates

  • In STEP 1, SSL Certificates and keys are moved.
  • Don’t miss to install individual certificates from the Webuzo Enduser Panel.

Move Emails

  • Include the contents of the /etc/vmail/ directory on the OLD Server to an archive as follows:

root@host > cd /etc/vmail

root@host > tar -pczvf wuser_email_accnts.tar.gz *

  • Move the above archive to the NEW server as follows:

root@host > scp -p wuser_email_accnts.tar.gz root@NEW_IP_ADDRESS:/etc/vmail/

  • Include the contents of the /var/local/vmail/ directory on the OLD Server to an archive as follows:

root@host > cd /var/local/vmail 

root@host > tar -pczvf wuser_email_data.tar.gz *

  • Move the above archive to the NEW server as follows:

root@host > scp -p wuser_email_data.tar.gz root@NEW_IP_ADDRESS:/var/local/vmail/

  • Now SSH to your NEW Server as root user and extract the archive as follows:

root@host > tar -zxvf /etc/vmail/wuser_email_accnts.tar.gz -C /etc/vmail/ 

root@host > tar -zxvf /var/local/vmail/wuser_email_data.tar.gz -C /var/local/vmail/

  • Done, you have successfully transferred your FTP accounts.

Contact Support: support@webuzo.com

Move FTP Users

Note: Change the url from /usr/local/apps/pureftpd/etc/pure-ftpd/ with /etc/pure-ftpd for Webuzo version 2.0.6 or lower

  • Include the contents of the /usr/local/apps/pureftpd/etc/ directory on the OLD Server to an archive as follows

root@host > cd /usr/local/apps/pureftpd/etc/

  root@host > tar -pczvf wuser_ftp_data.tar.gz *

  • Move the above archive to the New server as follows:

root@host > scp -p wuser_ftp_data.tar.gz root@NEW_IP_ADDRESS:/usr/local/apps/pureftpd/etc/

  • Now SSH to your NEW Server as root user and extract the archive as follows:

root@host > tar -zxvf /usr/local/apps/pureftpd/etc/wuser_ftp_data.tar.gz -C /usr/local/apps/pureftpd/etc/

  • Done, you have successfully transferred your FTP accounts.

Contact Support: support@webuzo.com


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How to Import From cPanel to Webuzo


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Intro:

This article will guide you on importing databases from cPanel to Webuzo.             

Procedure:

Move to Webuzo Enduser Panel > Server Utilities > Import From cPanel.  

Find below screenshot from cPanel:

Remote Import

Steps:

  • Fill the form with the cPanel server, user, and password details.
  • Tab on Submit to Import the cPanel Account.

A below-mentioned screen shot indicates Import process has started successfully.

  • Once completion is done then you’ll receive the email.
  • Import logs can be found at /usr/local/webuzo/includes/cli/cpanel_migration.log

Local Backup File Import

Steps

  • Circulate the Form with the cPanel Server, User, and backup file path details.
  • Click on Submit to Import the cPanel Account.

A below-mentioned screenshot indicates Import process has started successfully.

  • On completion of the Import process, you will receive an email.
  • Import logs can be found at /usr/local/webuzo/includes/cli/cpanel_migration.log

Important tip

Note: This feature is available in the BETA stage as of now.  

  • You need to install a fresh Webuzo Server and the name of the Webuzo user should be the same as the cPanel Username
  • Import utility will overwrite all your Webuzo user data.
  • Your backup of cPanel must be stored at /home/webuzo_username/ directory.

Once the import process has taken place then you can withdraw the archive.

Domains, Databases, etc are generalized in the Webuzo account like cPanel.

A random password is given to FTP users imported on the new Webuzo server. It is suggested to change the passwords of the FTP user’s account.

Email notifications of the FTP accounts are also created.

Import logs are generated at /usr/local/webuzo/includes/cli/cpanel_migration.log

Import Email accounts if any are not imported

  • Once completion is done then you’ll receive the email.
  • Import logs can be found at /usr/local/webuzo/includes/cli/cpanel_migration.log

Required Inputs

  • cPanel Server Address: IP address or FQDN of your cPanel account.
  • User name – cPanel Username same as Webuzo username.
  • Password – cPanel user password
  • cPanel backup file – Full cPanel backup file name stored on Webuzo machine e.g. backup.tar.gz

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How to Convert cPanel to Webuzo


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Intro:

This guide will help you to convert your cPanel server to Webuzo. This tool performs many tasks like converting your cPanel server itself uninstalls cPanel, installing Webuzo, and converting all cPanel data to Webuzo. Everything works smoothly and all your users’ websites, domains, databases, emails, FTP accounts, and SSL certificates remain as it is.

Note:  Please ensure you’ve fully backed up your VPS / Server. For the safer side, you need to restore the VPS backup as cPanel will be uninstalled from the server.

Commands

The conversion will monitor the requirements and ask for confirmation. It is advised to type yes and press enter to proceed with the conversion.  

Later, you can check converter logs at:

/root/webuzo_convert/cpanel-webuzo-convert.log

The required time is 5 minutes to 30 minutes based on the resources available on the server and the network connection speed.

Since this takes time, we suggest implementing the above commands using tmux or session, so if your machine disconnects due to an internet connection issue on your desktop the command still runs in the background.  

WHMCS Converter

Webuzo comes with a converter script that helps to convert the WHMCS cPanel hosting accounts to Webuzo. Please refer to the guide.

What Data will be Migrated?

The converter will move the following data:

1) All Domains – Addon, Parked, Sub-domain.
2) MultiPHP preferences per domain
3) All Databases and Database Users
4) FTP Accounts
5) It covers all email-related data like accounts, forwarders, and autoresponders.

6) DNS records
7) SSL Certificates
8) Cron Jobs
9) ACL Packages
10) Users and Resellers with appropriate ownership
11) IP allocation to users and resellers
12) For All plans installed on the cPanel server the same version will be installed on Webuzo.
13) All other data needed for accessing the control panel.


Understand the difference between Converter and Importer?

The converter is responsible for converting the data on the cPanel server itself and doesn’t need a new server. Hence, no IPs are changed. As compared to importer as it does not need to transfer the files across servers. It needs a full backup of the server if in case you need to revert it for restore purposes from the backup.

An importer is required to set up a new server with Webuzo and data is moved from the cPanel server to Webuzo. Further, IPs need to be changed to run the cPanel server compared to cPanel and Webuzo. If you prefer to import the sites instead of in-place converter you can refer to this guide.  


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How to Install Webuzo V3


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Webuzo is a control panel that is useful for all that is why it’s called a multi-user shared hosting control panel that can be used to provide shared hosting and 100s of applications via Softaculous. However, installation is simple. This guide will help you to install Webuzo on a newly installed Operating System.

Requirements:

  • Newly installed OS from the following list :
    – CentOS 7.x / 8.x
    – AlmaLinux 8.x / 9.x
    – Ubuntu LTS 18.04 / 20.04 / 22.04
    – Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x / 8.x
    – Scientific Linux 7.x / 8.x
    – Rocky Linux 8.x
  • YUM / apt-get / tar / wget packages installed
  • RAM – Minimum 1 GB (Recommended 2 GB for best performance)
  • Disk Space – Minimum 5 GB (Recommended 10 GB for best performance)
  • Open Ports – 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 21, 22, 25, 53, 80, 110,143, 443, 465, 993, 995, 587, and 3306 (It is recommended to keep these ports open on your server)
  • SELinux should be disabled

Note: There should be no PHP, Apache, or MySQL installed on the server.

Installation:

Open a Shell Terminal (e.g. PuTTY) and SSH to your server. Run the following commands:

Default Apps

The “install parameter is optional and if in case it’s not then Webuzo will install the app by default:  

Apache 2.4, MySQL 8.0, PHP 7.3, Pure-FTPd, Bind, Exim, Dovecot, GIT, Web Disk

For allowing Webuzo to install any apps please use the following command:

./install.sh

No Apps

In case, you don’t want Webuzo to install any apps you can use the following value to install the parameter:

./install.sh --install=none

Later you can install apps from Webuzo Admin Panel > Apps > Install an App page.

Selected Apps

To allow Webuzo to install selected apps then you can enter the app names comma-separated to the install parameter:

E.g. ./install.sh --install=apache2, mariadb108,bind,exim,dovecot,php81,php80,php74

Below mentioned are the popular apps for

Web Servers

  • apache2
  • openlitespeed
  • lsws
  • nginx
  • nodejs
  • nodejs14
  • nodejs16
  • nodejs17
  • nodejs18
  • nodejs19

Database Servers

  • mysql80
  • mysql57
  • mariadb109
  • mariadb108
  • mariadb107
  • mongodb
  • pgsql
  • sqlite

Scripting Languages

  • php82
  • php81
  • php80
  • php74
  • php73
  • php72
  • php71
  • perl
  • python2
  • python3

Utilities

  • exim
  • dovecot
  • bind
  • pureftpd
  • sa (SpamAssasin)
  • jailshell
  • webdisk
  • varnish
  • django
  • passenger

Security

  • csf
  • clamav
  • cxs
  • ImunifyAV
  • ImunifyAV+
  • Imunify360

Find below the list of softnames of all available apps here:

https://api.webuzo.com/apps.php?in=json

Utilize the softname values from above mentioned list.

Hence, the installation will start immediately. If your network is running slow then you might experience that the installation has stopped.  

In such cases, it’s suggested to continue with the process, once the installation is completed then you’ll see the notification:

The required Web Server and other important configurations are set up.

Note: A log file of the installation process will be created – /root/webuzo-install.log

Login to The Admin Panel

To login to the Webuzo Admin Panel, use this Url:

https://Your-IP:2005/

OR

http://Your-IP:2004/

You have to use the root credentials details of your server for username and password.


Panel Configuration

After installing we suggest checking the panel configuration.  It is located at the Admin Panel > Settings > Panel Config.  

Please monitor the options there and correct anything as per your requirement on the server.  

Server IP, Hostname, and Nameservers

Please enter the valid IP of the server and a hostname so that any user can’t use the same.

You need to point your nameserver to the server’s IP where you want to install Webuzo.  Webuzo will ask you to enter a Primary Nameserver to the server’s IP where you want to install Webuzo. It will also ask you for a primary Nameserver (e.g. ns1 example.com and a secondary Nameserver (ns2.example.com).

Create A User

Once the panel is configured then you’ve to create endusers / shared hosting users. You have to click on Users >> Add users on the admin panel. Over there, you’ve to enter the user’s domain, username, password and email. After that, you’ve to select the hosting plan if you have created any or manually assign the resources to the user. You can also automate the process and link WHMCS, Blesta, etc.

Add User Wizard

It also allows to creation of resellers who then can create their sub-users.

Access the Enduser Panel

The Webuzo Enduser Panel is located at ports 2002 and 2003:

https://Your-IP:2003/

Or

http://Your-IP:2002/

Users can log in from the Admin Panel, visit the UZsers >> Lists Users Wizard, and click on the icon in the Login column.  

Enduser Panel Screenshot


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How to increase session timeout in php?


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Sometimes php session timeouts quickly before your script execute. You can increase this time by simply editing some directives in php.ini.

First locate php.ini

root@host[~]# php -i | grep php.ini
Configuration File (php.ini) Path => /usr/local/lib
Loaded Configuration File => /usr/local/lib/php.ini

Get current session time out time

root@host[~]# grep -i session.gc_maxlifetime /usr/local/lib/php.ini
session.gc_maxlifetime = 14400
; setting session.gc_maxlifetime to 1440 (1440 seconds = 24 minutes):

Edit php.ini

root@host [~]# vi /usr/local/lib/php.ini

Change value of session.gc_maxlifetime.

Restart httpd service!! its done


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cPanel vulnerability – TSR-2016-0001 Announcement


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cpanel

 

cPanel TSR-2016-0001 Announcement

cPanel has released new builds for all public update tiers. These updates provide targeted changes to address security concerns with the cPanel & WHM product. These builds are currently available to all customers via the standard update system.

cPanel has rated these updates as having CVSSv2 scores ranging from 2.1 to 10.0.

Information on cPanel’s security ratings is available at Security Levels – cPanel Knowledge Base – cPanel Documentation.

If your deployed cPanel & WHM servers are configured to automatically update when new releases are available, then no action is required. Your systems will update automatically. If you have disabled automatic updates, then we strongly encourage you to update your cPanel & WHM installations at your earliest convenience.

RELEASES

The following cPanel & WHM versions address all known vulnerabilities:

11.54.0.4 & Greater
11.52.2.4 & Greater
11.50.4.3 & Greater
11.48.5.2 & Greater

The latest public releases of cPanel & WHM for all update tiers are available at Downloads | cPanel, Inc..

SECURITY ISSUE INFORMATION

The cPanel security team identified the resolved security issues. There is no reason to believe that these vulnerabilities have been made known to the public. As such, cPanel will only release limited information about the vulnerabilities at this time.

Once sufficient time has passed, allowing cPanel & WHM systems to automatically update to the new versions, cPanel will release additional information about the nature of the security issues. This Targeted Security Release addresses 20 vulnerabilities in cPanel & WHM software versions 11.54, 11.52, 11.50, and 11.48.

Due to the severity of the issues addressed in this release, cPanel is extending the blackout period on additional information to a full week. Additional information is scheduled for release on January 25, 2016.

For information on cPanel & WHM Versions and the Release Process, read our documentation at:
cPanel & WHM Product Versions and the Release Process – cPanel Knowledge Base – cPanel Documentation

For the PGP Signed version of this announcement please visit https://news.cpanel.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/TSR-2016-0001-Announcement.txt


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How to install MediaWiki from Softaculous


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To Install MediaWiki from Softaculous

MediaWiki can easily be installed by using Softaculous in the cPanel Software / Services. This tutorial will explain how to install MediaWiki using Softaculous. Please follow the steps and install it.

How to install MediaWiki from Softaculous

 

Step 1 : Log into cPanel.

Step 2 : Find the Softaculous icon located in the Software Services section.

Step 3 : To locate MediaWiki you can either type mediawiki in the search box in the top right corner.

Step 4 : Click on Wikis in the left column.

Step 5 : When you click on the MediaWiki link, you will be taken to the home page for the MediaWiki package.

Step 6 : Click on the Install tab.

You will be asked to fill in the details of the installation.

Step 7 : If you have multiple domains associated with this account, you can select where to install it.

Step 8 :  The next two boxes require a Directory and Database Name, neither of which should exist on the server.

Step 9 : Under Site config, enter a Wiki Name and Email.

These can be changed later on from the application’s admin panel.

Step 10 : Type the desired Admin Username and Password that should be used.

Step 11 : Click Install.

After a moment, the software will be installed.

Step 12 : Once finished, you can view your new site by clicking this link.

You will be able to access your newly-installed MediaWiki by following the links on the page.

 

That’s it! 🙂 🙂


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