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In today’s interconnected digital landscape, properly configuring your web server’s firewall settings is crucial for both security and functionality. Whether you’re setting up a new web server or maintaining an existing one, understanding how to manage HTTP (port 80) and HTTPS (port 443) access through firewalld on AlmaLinux or Rocky Linux 8 is an essential skill for system administrators.

As RHEL-compatible distributions, both AlmaLinux and Rocky Linux 8 come with `firewalld` as their default firewall management tool. This powerful firewall solution helps protect your server while allowing necessary services to function smoothly. However, for your web server to be accessible to the outside world, you’ll need to explicitly configure these ports.

Whether you’re a seasoned system administrator or just getting started with Linux server management, this tutorial will help you secure your web server while maintaining its accessibility.

FirewallD includes the default firewall application in these Linux results to follow the commands mentioned below if you have it:

sudo dnf install firewalld

sudo systemctl start firewalld

sudo systemctl enable firewalld

sudo systemctl status firewalld

This tutorial will help you to learn:

• Steps to open HTTP port 80 and HTTPS port 443 for all time
• Steps to follow the command to open or close any server and port in AlmaLinux

Check Commands to open or close HTTP port 80 & HTTPS 443 on AlmaLinux/ Rocky 8

Step 1: Monitor the running AlmaLinux port list: Before opening the port, it’s necessary to monitor what are ports & services are using before to communicate outside the public network in our firewall. To access this use:

sudo firewall-cmd --list-all

Or

netstat -na | grep port-number

Now, you have to replace the port number with the one you want to identify. In case the port is non-active then you are not able to get the results in return.

Step 2: Command to Open port 80 and port 443:  It is universal that firewall includes some default pre-configured services and http & https as well. Therefore, we can either include the service command or port command of the firewalld to permit them in the public zone:

sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-service=http

sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-service=https

sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-port 5000/tcp

You have to replace 5000 with your wish port number which you want to open

Step 3: Reload Firewalld service- Just make sure that open service or port successfully match to the firewalld, reload its services by this command –

sudo firewall-cmd –reload

(optional) Close or block port 80 and 443 – After some time or in some case, you want to block or close the HTTP and HTTPS services or any other port then you can do it, manually, using below the syntax:

sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --remove-service=http

sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --remove-service=https

For some particular port number

sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --remove-port 5000/tcp

For Reloading the firewall –

firewall-cmd –reload

Conclusion:

To open HTTP and HTTPS ports 80 and 443 on AlmaLinux or Rocky Linux 8 using Firewalld, one must configure the firewall settings to allow traffic through these essential ports, thereby enabling web services to function properly. This process is crucial for ensuring that web applications are accessible over the internet.

DirectAdmin provides a handy tool called “Email Summary” that allows administrators to monitor email activity within their servers. This feature is handy for identifying potential issues, tracking email usage, and ensuring smooth email operations

Here’s how to access and use the Email Summary feature:

1. Log in to your DirectAdmin account.
2. Navigate to the “Admin Tools” section.  
3. Click on “E-mail Summary.

This will open the Email Summary interface

Using the Email Summary Interface:

• Range: This field allows you to specify the period in which you want to view email activity. You can choose from predefined options like “Today,” “Yesterday,” “Last 7 Days,” or “Custom.” You can set specific start and end dates and times for custom ranges.  
• Search: Once you’ve selected the desired range, click the “Search” button. This will display a detailed log of email activity within the specified timeframe.  

Read:How to Effortlessly Change Your VPN Location on Different Devices

Understanding the Email Summary Log:

The log typically includes information such as:

• Timestamp: The time and date of each email event.
• User: The username of the sender or recipient.
• Domain: Domain is included in the email.
• Action: The type of email activity, such as “Sent,” “Received,” “Delivered,” “Bounced,” or “Failed.”
• Details: Additional information about the email event, such as the recipient’s address, error messages, or delivery status.

By reviewing this information, you can gain valuable insights into your server’s email traffic, identify potential spam or delivery problems, and take appropriate action to improve email performance.  

Additional Tips:

• Regular Monitoring: Regularly checking the Email Summary can help you proactively identify and address any issues that may arise.
• Filtering: You can filter the log by user, domain, or action to focus on specific areas of interest.
• Troubleshooting: The Email Summary can be a valuable tool for troubleshooting email delivery problems. By analyzing the log, you can pinpoint the cause of delivery failures and take steps to resolve them.  

By effectively utilizing the Email Summary feature in DirectAdmin, you can maintain a healthy and efficient email environment for your users.

A Certificate Signing Request (CSR) is crucial in obtaining an SSL certificate for your website. However, there might be times when you need to delete a CSR, such as when you’ve generated a new one or no longer require the associated certificate.

Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to delete a CSR in Webuzo:

1. Log in to your Webuzo account.
2. Navigate to the SSL section.
   1. Click on the “Security” section in the Webuzo dashboard.
   1. Select “SSL Certificates.”
3. Locate the CSR to delete.
   1. In the “Certificate Signing Request” subsection, you’ll see a list of all generated CSRs.  
   1. Identify the specific CSR you want to remove.
4. Delete the CSR.
   1. Click on the “X” icon under the “OPTION” column for the desired CSR.
   1. A confirmation window will appear.
   1. Click “Yes” to confirm the deletion.

Read: Delete an FTP User Account in Webuzo: A Quick and Easy Tutorial

Important Notes:

• Backups: Before deleting any CSR, it’s highly recommended to back up your current SSL configurations and any important data to prevent data loss.  
• Repercussions: Deleting a CSR might impact the security of your website if it’s associated with an active SSL certificate. Ensure you have a replacement plan before proceeding.

By following these steps, you can effectively delete a CSR in Webuzo and manage your SSL certificates efficiently.

CWP is a powerful web hosting control panel that offers a user-friendly interface for managing your server. Here’s a quick guide to install it on your CentOS/RHEL server:

Prerequisites:

• CentOS/RHEL 7 or 8 server
• Root or sudo privileges

Installation Steps:

Update the system:

yum update -y

• Install required packages:

yum install wget curl php php-mysqlnd php-gd php-curl php-json php-zip -y

• Download the CWP installation script:

wget http://install.cwp.pro/cwp.sh

• Make the script executable:

chmod +x cwp.sh

• Run the installation script:

./cwp.sh

Follow the on-screen prompts to configure CWP. You’ll be asked to enter your server’s IP address, desired username and password for the CWP admin account, and other settings.

• Access the CWP panel:

Once the installation is complete, you can access the CWP panel by visiting

https://your_server_ip:2030. Replace your_server_ip

with the actual IP address of your server.

Additional Notes:

• Firewall: It required to configure firewall as per mentioned guidelines.
• Security: Always keep your CWP installation updated and follow best security practices to protect your server.
• Customization: CWP offers various customization options to tailor the panel to your specific needs. Take a look at settings and features to customize the experience.  

It is a famous tool used for managing web hosting. An easy-to-use interface that allows for the easy management of websites and services. Understanding the cPanel version is mandatory for the users as it affects the functions and features.

Just make sure that your cPanel/WHM software is updated; keeping the server safe and working is crucial. Here, in this document, you will see in-depth knowledge on checking the cPanel version using multiple methods to stay informed about hosting setup.

Method 1: Checking cPanel Version Through the WHM Command Line

Log in to WHM: Access your WHM interface using the root username and password.

Navigate to Terminal: Go to Server Configuration -> Terminal.

Execute the Command:

In the terminal window, use this command and type Enter:

/usr/local/cpanel/cpanel -V

This command will output the cPanel version to the terminal.

Example Output:

11.98.0 (build 12)

Explanation:

• The command /usr/local/cpanel/cpanel -V is the same as running it directly on the server’s command line.
• This method provides a quick and efficient way to check the cPanel version without leaving the WHM interface.

Method 2: Checking cPanel Version Through WHM Dashboard

Steps:

1. Log in to your WHM account.
2. The cPanel/WHM version is typically displayed at the top of the WHM dashboard.

Method 3: Examine the cPanel Version Through the WHM Version File

Login to WHM: Access your WHM interface using your root credentials.

Navigate to Terminal: Go to Server Configuration -> Terminal.

Write the Command > terminal window > write the following command and give Enter

cat /usr/local/cpanel/version

View the Version: The output will display the cPanel version number.

Method 4: Checking the cPanel Version from the cPanel Dashboard

This is the simplest method to check your cPanel version

Steps:

1. Log in to your cPanel account.
2. Locate the “Server Information” section: This is usually found on the right side of the dashboard. It might be in a sidebar or a separate panel.
3. Click on “Server Information”.
4. Look for the “cPanel Version” information: This will be listed along with other server details.

Method 5: Checking cPanel Version Through SSH

Establish an SSH connection: Use an SSH client like PuTTY or the built-in terminal on macOS/Linux to connect to your server as root.

Execute the command: Once connected, type the following command and press Enter:

Conclusion

Frequently checking and updating your cPanel/WHM installation confirms excellent features, improvement, and security patches. Retain the server running smoothly by updating yourself about the cPanel/WHM version.